Suspension: designs, shapes, sizes
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====Traction bars==== | ====Traction bars==== | ||
| − | + | ===Semi-independent rear suspension=== | |
| − | + | ====Swing axle==== | |
| − | + | =====Conventional swing axle===== | |
| − | + | The most familiar form of this suspension was found in the early Corvairs and early Volkswagens. The differential unit was solidly mounted to the chassis and each wheel assembly pivoted at a universal joint near the differential. Major disadvantages were poor camber control and the possibility of "jacking," a situation where the outside wheel "tucks under," often resulting in the overturning of the vehicle. An alternate design eliminates one universal joint, with both wheels pivoting about the remaining universal joint. | |
| − | + | ====Low-pivot swing axle==== | |
:This modification of the swing axle described above provided a single pivot point...for both wheels...located below the differential, with provision for axial motion of the axles to prevent binding. | :This modification of the swing axle described above provided a single pivot point...for both wheels...located below the differential, with provision for axial motion of the axles to prevent binding. | ||
| − | + | ====De-Dion==== | |
| − | :This design combines the excellent camber control of the beam axle with the reduction of unsprung weight and elimination of driveshaft torque features of the fully independent rear suspension. | + | :This design combines the excellent camber control of the beam axle with the reduction of unsprung weight and elimination of driveshaft torque features of the fully independent rear suspension. The differential unit is solidly connected to the chassis and two universal joints and a splined connector are used with each axle. A single piece, usually consisting of a large diameter tube bent so as to avoid interference with the differential unit, connects the wheel uprights. |
===Independent Rear Suspension=== | ===Independent Rear Suspension=== | ||
| − | ==Spring Types== | + | ====Spring Types==== |
| − | + | =====Coil Spring===== | |
| − | + | A large coil type spring which sits in perches on both the suspension components and the body. These types of springs act like any small coil spring and can have varying spring rates through the use of different treatments | |
| − | + | =====Leaf Spring===== | |
| − | + | Curved steel "leaves" are packed together to achieve one unified pack of curved leaves which resists being bent further or straightened. With the weight of the vehicle on them this resistance to being straightened is what supports the vehicle and keeps the wheels on the ground when going over bumps. | |
| − | + | =====Coilover===== | |
:A coil spring and shock absorber combined in one unit, often made adjustable to allow suspension fine tuning. | :A coil spring and shock absorber combined in one unit, often made adjustable to allow suspension fine tuning. | ||
| − | + | =====Torsion Bar===== | |
=Methods of Improving Suspension= | =Methods of Improving Suspension= | ||
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