@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
+[[File:WheelOffset2.gif|right]]
 ==Measuring bolt pattern or bolt circle==
+[[File:Wheel pcd1.jpg|400px|right]]
-Pitch circle diameter (PCD) or bolt circle diameter, means the diameter of an imaginary circle that goes through the center of each of the wheel stud bolt holes on a wheel. The wheel stud bolts are fixed to either the brake drum or the disc brake rotor and protrude through the wheel when it is mounted to the drum or rotor (there are a few vehicles that use wheel bolts instead of fixed studs and lug nuts, old Mopar and VW are two.
+Pitch circle diameter (PCD) or bolt circle diameter, means the diameter of an imaginary circle that goes through the center of each of the bolt holes of a wheel. The wheel stud bolts are fixed to either the brake drum or the disc brake rotor and protrude through the wheel when it is mounted to the drum or rotor (there are a few vehicles that use wheel bolts instead of fixed studs and lug nuts, old MOPAR and VW are two.
+<table style="float: right;" border="1" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0" width="275"><tr bgcolor="#CCCCFF"><th colspan="2">'''Conversion Table'''</th></tr><tr bgcolor="#FFF8DC"><th class="head">'''Inches'''</th><th class="head">'''mm'''</th></tr><tr style="text-align:center"><tr><td>4 x 3.93</td><td>4 x 100</td></tr><tr bgcolor="#eeeeee"><td>4 x 4.25</td><td>4 x 107.95</td></tr><tr><td>4 x 4.33</td><td>4 x 110</td></tr><tr bgcolor="#eeeeee"><td>4 x 4.50</td><td>4 x 114.3</td></tr><tr><td>4 x 5.12</td><td>4 x 130</td></tr><tr bgcolor="#eeeeee"><td>4 x 5.51</td><td>4 x 140</td></tr><tr><td>5 x 4.00</td><td>5 x 100</td></tr><tr bgcolor="#eeeeee"><td>5 x 4.25</td><td>5 x 107.95</td></tr><tr><td>5 x 4.50</td><td>5 x 114.3</td></tr><tr bgcolor="#eeeeee"><td>5 x 4.53</td><td>5 x 115</td> </tr><tr><td>5 x 4.72</td> <td>5 x 120</td></tr><tr bgcolor="#eeeeee"><td>5 x 4.75</td><td>5 x 120.65</td></tr><tr><td>5 x 5.12</td><td>5 x 130</td></tr><tr><td>6 x 5.5</td><td>6 x 139.7</td></tr></table>
-The PCD can be expressed in mm or inches. The PCD can be found on any 5 lug wheel by measuring from the center of the wheel (the axle hole), to the center of one of the wheel stud holes, and then multiplying that measurement by two. This is difficult on the 5 hole wheel because it is hard to judge the exact center of the large axle hole in the wheel.
+The PCD can be expressed in mm or inches. The PCD can be found on any 5 lug wheel by measuring from the center of the wheel (the axle hole), to the center of one of the wheel stud holes, and then multiplying that measurement by two. This is difficult on the 5 hole wheel because it is hard to judge the exact center of the large axle hole in the wheel.  to measure the bolt pattern on a five lug, you need to ignore the diagram and measure from one wheel stud to the second one away from it, you must skip one, not measure the distance of adjacents studs.  the diagram is incorrect.
 It may be easier to check this measurement by placing a straight edge across the outer edge of two of the wheel bolt holes. Then measure from the center of the wheel hole that is opposite the two holes that the straight edge touches, to the inside (closest) edge of the straight edge. In other words you are measuring the distance from a straight line touching the outside of two wheel bolt holes, to the center of the opposite wheel bolt hole. This will be easier to actually measure since you don't have to guess where the center of the large hole in the wheel is, and will closely approximate the diameter of the imaginary circle (PCD) passing through all of the wheel bolt holes.
@@ Line 9: / Line 12: @@
 On a 4 lug wheel, determine the PCD by measuring across the center of the wheel, from the center of one lug bolt hole to the center of the opposite lug bolt hole.
-If you were to see an advertisement for wheels that read: "'''5 X 4.75'''" it would mean the wheels have a 5 stud pattern or 5 holes, and the wheel has a 4.75 inch diameter pattern for the wheel stud bolt holes. This pattern diameter could also be expressed as 120.65 mm. These wheels would more than likely fit your Chevy passenger car.
+If you were to see an advertisement for wheels that read: "'''5 x 4.75'''" OR "'''5 on 5'''", it would mean the wheels have 5 holes arranged in a 4.75 inch diameter pattern. This pattern could also be expressed as '''5 on 120.65 mm'''.
 Typically, a wheel bolt hole measuring tool would be the most accurate to measure with but an ordinary tape measure either in inches or mm will get you by. Just remember the two ways of measuring as detailed above. Four bolts are usually measured across from bolt hole center to bolt hole center. Five bolt holes as stated above. Six or eight bolt patterns are usually wheel center to bolt hole center times two.
-Here is a list of common bolt patterns in standard (inches) and metric (mm):
+==Other wheel dimensions==
+Besides just the bolt pattern, to use a wheel from a different vehicle on your vehicle requires it to be measured for offset/backspacing to be sure the wheel will clear the suspension components. Changing the offset, even if it clears everything, can change the steering geometry, so make changes with this in mind.
+Besides offset, there are other things that come into play, like the centerbore of the wheel and the brake component clearance.
+[[File:Wheel-offset-backspace.gif|right]]
+===Backspacing===
+This is the distance from the inside edge (edge closest to the vehicle if mounted) of the wheel to the wheel's mounting surface.
+===Offset===
+Offset is the distance between the centerline of a wheel and the plane of the surface of the wheel that mounts to the vehicle. This will vary greatly depending on the application and whether the vehicle is front wheel drive or rear wheel drive.
+"Deep dish" wheels are negative offset wheels. If taken to extremes this can cause undue stress on axles/spindles and bearings. Using an extreme amount of negative or positive offset is not a fix for an axle of the wrong width, despite the fact that the wheels fit under the fenders, etc.
+====Figuring offset====
+;Back spacing - Centerline = Offset
+First, measure the overall width of the wheel at its widest point. Next, divide that width by two; this will give you the '''centerline''' of the wheel.
+After determining the centerline, subtract the centerline from the backspacing to get the wheel offset.
+===Centerbore===
+The centerbore of a wheel is the size of the center hole in the wheel. This hole often is used to center the wheel on the hub or axle. This takes some of the load from the lugs/lug nuts as well. If the wheels centerbore is less than the hub or axle centerbore, the wheel will not fit despite the bolt pattern being correct. If the wheel centerbore is larger, the wheel might not be as well supported as it should.
+===Brake clearance===
+The inside diameter of the back side of the wheel must be able to accommodate the brakes, whether they be disc or drum.
+==Common bolt patterns in inches and metric==
+;Inch &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;-&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; Metric
-'''Inch   -   Metric'''
+x 3.93&nbsp; -&nbsp; 4 x 100
-x 3.93 - 4 x 100
+x 4.25&nbsp; -&nbsp; 4 x 107.95
-x 4.25 - 4 x 107.95
+x 4.33 &nbsp;-&nbsp; 4 x 110
-x 4.33 - 4 x 110
+x 4.50 &nbsp;-&nbsp; 4 x 114.3
-x 4.50 - 4 x 114.3
+x 5.12 &nbsp;-&nbsp; 4 x 130
-x 5.12 - 4 x 130
+x 5.51 &nbsp;-&nbsp; 4 x 140
-x 5.51 - 4 x 140
+x 4.00 &nbsp;-&nbsp; 5 x 100
-x 4.00 - 5 x 100
+x 4.25 &nbsp;-&nbsp; 5 x 107.95
-x 4.25 - 5 x 107.95
+x 4.50 &nbsp;-&nbsp; 5 x 114.3
-x 4.50 - 5 x 114.3
+x 4.53 &nbsp;-&nbsp; 5 x 115
-x 4.53 - 5 x 115
+x 4.72  &nbsp;-&nbsp; 5 x 120
-x 4.72 - 5 x 120
+x 4.75 &nbsp;-&nbsp; 5 x 120.65
-x 4.75 - 5 x 120.65
+x 5.5 &nbsp;-&nbsp;  6 x 139.7
+<br><br>
-==Wheel bolt circle patterns of various automobiles==
+==Wheel patterns of various automobiles==
 <table table border="1" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0" >
    <tr align="center" bgcolor="#CCCCFF"><td colspan="4" id="4lug"><b>4 Lug</b></td></tr>
@@ Line 82: / Line 114: @@
    <tr><td>Austin Healy</td><td>Sprite</td><td>1972-'80</td></tr>
    <tr><td>Buick</td><td>Skyhawk</td><td>1975-'81</td></tr>
-   <tr><td>Chevrolet</td><td>Vega</td><td>1971-'81</td></tr>
+   <tr><td>Chevrolet</td><td>Vega/Monza</td><td>1971-'81</td></tr>
    <tr><td>Crosley</td><td>All</td><td>1939-'52</td></tr>
    <tr><td>Jensen-Healy</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td>1972-'80</td></tr>
@@ Line 280: / Line 312: @@
    <tr><td>Suzuki</td><td>Samurai</td><td>1986-'89</td></tr>
    <tr align="center" bgcolor="#CCCCFF"><td colspan="4" id="6lug"><b>6 Lug</b></td></tr>
-   <tr align="center" bgcolor="#FFF8DC"><td rowspan="11" width="95"><b>6 x 5 1/2</b>"</td>
+   <tr align="center" bgcolor="#FFF8DC"><td rowspan="12" width="95"><b>6 x 5 1/2</b>"</td>
 <td><b>Make</b></td><td><b>Model</b></td><td><b>Years of Production</b></td></tr>
    <tr><td>Chevrolet</td><td>All</td><td>thru 1948</td></tr>
@@ Line 290: / Line 322: @@
    <tr><td>Ford</td><td>Courier Pickup</td><td>1977-'84</td></tr>
    <tr><td>Mazda</td><td>Pickup</td><td>1972-'84</td></tr>
+  <tr><td>Mitsubishi</td><td>Pickup</td><td>1983-'96</td></tr>
    <tr><td>Nissan/Datsun</td><td>Pickup, Pathfinder</td><td>1967-'89</td></tr>
-   <tr><td>Toyota</td><td>SR5, 4-Runner, Land Cruiser, 4WD Hilux</td><td>1969-'85 (some to 1989)</td></tr></table>
+   <tr><td>Toyota</td><td>SR5, 4-Runner, Land Cruiser, 4WD Hilux</td><td>1969-'85 (some to 1989)</td></tr></table><br><br>
 ===6 Bolt Wheels===
 '''6 on 5-1/2"'''
 *Chevrolet - all to '48
 *Chevy/GMC - 1/2 ton 2WD P.U., van to '70
-**1/2 ton 4x4 P.U., Blazer '71-'94, Suburban, Tahoe '95 - present
+**1/2 ton 4x4 P.U. (incl. '88-'98 K1500), Blazer '71-'94, Suburban, Tahoe '95 - present
 **'88-'98 3/4 ton light duty with 6-bolt wheels
 **'99-present Silverado/Sierra
@@ Line 307: / Line 339: @@
 *Isuzu - P'up, Trooper, Rodeo (also Honda Passport), Amigo '82 - present
 *Jeep - '74-'91 J-series 4x4 (Wagoneer, Grand Wagoneer, Cherokee to '83)
 *Mazda - P.U. '72-'89
+*Mitsubishi - P.U.  '83-'96
 *Nissan/Datsun - P.U., Pathfinder '67-'04
 *Toyota - SR5, Tacoma, Hilux 4WD P.U., Tacoma Crew Cab, T100, Tundra to '06, FJ40, Landcruiser, 4-Runner (some) to '89
 '''6 on 5"'''
 *Chevrolet TrailBlazer, GMC Envoy, Isuzu Ascender '02-'09
 *Chevrolet Uplander. GMC Acadia '07-present
 '''6 on 4-1/2"'''
 *Dodge Dakota '91-'04, Durango '98-'04
 *Nissan Pathfinder '05-present
 '''6 on 135mm (5.25")'''
@@ Line 323: / Line 359: @@
 ===5 Bolt Wheels===
 '''5 on 4" (100 mm)'''
 *64-69  Mopar "A" 13"
@@ Line 365: / Line 400: @@
 *Infiniti
 *Jeep XJ/MJ (Cherokee, Comanche), YJ (Wrangler), ZJ (Grand Cherokee 1993-'98), and KJ (Liberty 2002 - '06) platforms 1984-'06
+*Lexus
 *Lincoln - all 1970-'72; Town Car 1980-'11
 *Mazda - RX7 Turbo, 626, 929, MX6 '86-'89, Navajo, 1994-2011 B-series
@@ Line 398: / Line 434: @@
 **(mid size) '64-'80's
 *Chevrolet S-10, GMC S-15/Sonoma incl. S-10 Blazer, S-15 Jimmy, Envoy 2WD/4WD '82-'05
 '''5 on 5"'''
@@ Line 461: / Line 498: @@
 *Pontiac - 6000, Grand Am, J2000, Sunbird, etc. FWD '82-'87
 **Fiero '82-'88
+*Volkswagen - Golf, Jetta, Passat late '80s-present
 '''5 on 110mm'''
@@ Line 493: / Line 532: @@
 *Porsche - 911, 912, 944 to '89
 *Vauxhall PB, PC '65
 '''5 on 135mm (5.25")'''
 *Ford F150, Expedition '97-'03
 '''5 on 150mm'''
 *Toyota Tacoma '07-present
 '''5 on 205mm'''
@@ Line 505: / Line 547: @@
 *M1040, M1041 Desert Patrol Vehicle ('91-present; manufactured by Chenoweth Racing)
-===4 Bolt Wheels===
+===4 Bolt Wheels===
 '''4 on 3-3/4"'''
 *Austin Marina
@@ Line 545: / Line 587: @@
 *Jensen Healey
 *Opel Manta, Kadette
-*GM L-body
+*GM H-body
 **Buick Skyhawk '75-'81
 **Chevrolet Vega, Monza '71-'81
@@ Line 554: / Line 596: @@
 '''4 on 4-1/4" (4 on 108 mm)'''
 *Alfa Romeo (exc. Alfetta)
-*Ford - Fairmont '78-'86
+*Ford - Fairmont '78-'83
 **Mustang 4-bolt pattern '74-'93
 **T-Bird '80-'88
@@ Line 562: / Line 604: @@
 **Cortina all
 **Taurus, Tempo, EXP to '89
-**German-built Capri I, II, III '69-'8?
+**German (also British and Belgian) - built Capri MkI, II, III '69-'86
 *Mercury - Capri '71-'88
 **Cougar '80-'86
@@ Line 575: / Line 617: @@
 *Mazda - RX2, RX3, RX4, GLC, 626, P.U. '71-'82
 **RX7 to '85
 '''4 on 4-1/2"'''
@@ Line 590: / Line 633: @@
 **Mustang all '65-'68 4-bolt
 **Falcon, Maverick, Granada all 4-bolt
+*Honda - Accord '98-'02 (4 cylinder model)
 *Mazda - 626, RX7 '83-'87  ????
 *MGA, MGB, MGC
@@ Line 609: / Line 653: @@
 == Reference and Links ==
+*[http://www.vehicle-bolt-pattern.com Vehicle wheel bolt pattern] by year, make and model
-[http://www.vehicle-bolt-pattern.com Vehicle wheel bolt pattern] by year, make and model.
+*[http://www.roadkillcustoms.com/hot-rods-rat-rods/Wheel-Bolt-Pattern-Cross-Reference-Database.asp Wheel Bolt Pattern Cross Reference Database and Conversion Guide]
-[http://www.roadkillcustoms.com/hot-rods-rat-rods/Wheel-Bolt-Pattern-Cross-Reference-Database.asp Wheel Bolt Pattern Cross Reference Database and Conversion Guide]
 [[Category:Wheels]]

Wheel bolt pattern

Latest revision as of 09:53, 12 November 2016

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