How to rebuild a Rochester Quadrajet 4MV carburetor

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=Introduction=
 
=Introduction=
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This article is written with the intention of informing, guiding and assisting the first-time builder who has never dealt with a carburetor before. It merges detailed, step-by-step directions, complete with images, links to online  and print resources, and a multitude of helpful tips and pointers collected from the members of [http://www.Hotrodders.com Hotrodders] forum, all of them in their own words.  
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This article is written with the intention of informing, guiding and assisting the first-time builder who has never dealt with a carburetor before. It merges detailed, step-by-step directions, complete with images, links to online  and print resources, and a multitude of helpful tips and pointers collected from the members of [http://www.Hotrodders.com '''Hotrodders'''] forum.  
  
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The article is also meant to complement the rebuild guide books available (Ruggles and the Roe books are the two mentioned most often), shedding extra light on any topic or procedure that may require further explanation. In the future, as time allows for updates, the article will site sections and passages from related books to help the reader follow along with ease.
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The article is also meant to complement the rebuild guide books available, shedding extra light on any topic or procedure that may require further explanation. In the future, as time allows for updates, the article will cite sections and passages from related books to help the reader follow along with ease.
  
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Although the article specifically deals with the Rochester Quadrajet 4MV model, the information found here is useful for working on other Rochester 4 barrel models as well.
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Although the article specifically deals with the Rochester Quadrajet (aka "Q-jet, qjet, etc.) 4MV model, the information found here is useful for working on other Rochester Q-jet models (including the Dualjet (which is the front half of a Quadrajet) as well.
  
 
At times, the reader may encounter differing viewpoints, especially when dealing with certain repair options. It is up to the reader to decide which method works best. If confusion persists or further advice is needed, it is highly recommended that the reader visit the [http://www.hotrodders.com Hotrodders] forum and ask for assistance from fellow members.
 
At times, the reader may encounter differing viewpoints, especially when dealing with certain repair options. It is up to the reader to decide which method works best. If confusion persists or further advice is needed, it is highly recommended that the reader visit the [http://www.hotrodders.com Hotrodders] forum and ask for assistance from fellow members.
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=Planning and organization=
 
=Planning and organization=
  
 
===A. Becoming familiar with the carburetor===
 
===A. Becoming familiar with the carburetor===
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If you have never dealt with a carburetor in your life, it is important to familiarize yourself with the various components. Please refer to the '''''Books/ Guides/ Websites /Multimedia''''' section immediately below for helpful materials.   
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If you have never dealt with a carburetor in your life, it is important to familiarize yourself with the various components. Please refer to the '''''Books/ Guides/ Websites /Multimedia''''' section below for helpful materials.   
+
  
 
=====Books/guides/websites/multimedia=====
 
=====Books/guides/websites/multimedia=====
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:'''''"How to Rebuild and Modify Rochester Quadrajet Carburetors"''''' by Cliff Ruggles is a frequent recommendation by the members of [http://www.hotrodders.com Hotrodders] forum. It is a highly-reviewed book and the author is considered a leading authority on Quadrajet carburetors.  
+
:[http://www.cliffshighperformance.com/buy_book_all.html '''''How to Rebuild and Modify Rochester Quadrajet Carburetors'''''] by Cliff Ruggles is a frequent recommendation by the members of [http://www.hotrodders.com Hotrodders] forum. It is a highly-reviewed book and the author is considered a leading authority on Quadrajet carburetors.  
  
−
:In addition to his book, Cliff Ruggles also maintains a website ([http://www.cliffshighperformance.com/ Cliff's High Performance]), with a forum dedicated to discussing carburetors.
+
:In addition to his book, Cliff Ruggles also maintains a website ([http://www.cliffshighperformance.com/ '''Cliff's High Performance''']), with a forum dedicated to discussing carburetors.
  
−
:Another highly reviewed title is '''''"Rochester Carburetors"''''' by Doug Roe / Bill Fisher.
+
:Another highly reviewed title is [http://www.amazon.com/Rochester-Carburetors-Doug-Roe/dp/0895863014 '''''Rochester Carburetors'''''] by Doug Roe.
  
 
:Other titles devoted to Rochester Quadrajets are also available from retailers such as [http://www.barnesandnoble.com/ Barnes and Noble], [http://www.amazon.com Amazon], [http://www.ebay.com eBay] and its sister site [http://www.half.com Half.com].
 
:Other titles devoted to Rochester Quadrajets are also available from retailers such as [http://www.barnesandnoble.com/ Barnes and Noble], [http://www.amazon.com Amazon], [http://www.ebay.com eBay] and its sister site [http://www.half.com Half.com].
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=====Carburetor identification: Locations and  decoding=====
 
=====Carburetor identification: Locations and  decoding=====
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:Once it has been determined that your Rochester Quadrajet carburetor requires a rebuild, the first thing to do is to locate the identification number. The identification number will help with ordering the correct set of parts or a rebuild kit. The number is usually found either as a tag or as a stamping in the body on the driver-side of the carburetor, running vertically up and down.'' ^1'' Should a need arise for decoding, please see the following article for further information and assistance: [[Rochester Quadrajet Carburetors: Identification and Decoding]]
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:Once it has been determined that your Rochester Quadrajet carburetor requires a rebuild, the first thing to do is to locate the identification number. The identification number will help with ordering the correct parts or a rebuild kit. The number is usually found as a stamping in the body of the carb on the driver side of the carburetor, running vertically up and down. Very early model Q-jets used a round disc attached to the drive side of the carb. These carbs have the less desirable needle and seat assembly and float fulcrum location, so unless the carb is being used on a restored or period correct build, the later carbs- especially those with the adjustable part throttle adjustment or 'APT' located on the airhorn- will be a better choice for a performance application.
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[[File:Carburetor_Identification_Number.jpg|thumb|center|750x250px|ID Number 17057525 APP 3356]]
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 +
For decoding the carb number, please see the following article for further information and assistance: '''[[Rochester Quadrajet carburetors: Identification and decoding]]'''
 +
[[File:Carburetor_Identification_Number.jpg|thumb|center|750x250px|Location of 1968-up Q-jet carb number. Before this the carb number was stamped into a round disc located on the driver side of the carb, towards the front]]
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 +
==Other considerations==
 +
*When getting a carb from another vehicle, whenever possible, get the factory cable bracket. Even if you're using an aftermarket intake, it might come in handy for making up your own bracket. And regardless if using an aftermarket intake or not, the bracket can be used to measure the correct cable/carb relationship for setting up whatever bracket that's used. The throttle linkage are specific to the manufacturer (GM products including 1971 Ford Mustangs with the 429 Cobra Jet and mid-1980s Mopars have used the Quadrajet). 
 +
 
 +
*Make note of the engine displacement/engine VIN code. These carbs were used on 4.3L V6 through 7.4L V8 engines (besides its use with GM products the Quadrajet was found in some obscure applications e.g. 1971 Ford Mustangs with the 429 Cobra Jet and 1983-88 Chrysler vehicles), so knowing what it came from gives a leg up on what may potentially need changed.
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 +
*If the Q-jet is to be used with an automatic transmission that uses a detent (kick down) or TV (throttle valve) cable, be sure the throttle arm is correct (below, right). Many manual transmission-equipped vehicles are missing the lower part of the throttle arm (below, left); this is where the detent/TV cable ordinarily attaches.
 +
{|
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|[[File:TYPICAL MANUAL TRANS Q-JET THROTTLE ARM1.jpg|250px|Manual or TH400 trans throttle arm that's missing the portion below the throttle shaft center line where the detent/TV cable would be attached]]
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|[[File:LINKAGE TH350 CARB WITH AT.jpg|215px|Automatic trans throttle arm]]
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|}<br>
  
 
===B. Parts===
 
===B. Parts===
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====Carburetor rebuild kits====
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*Carburetor Rebuild Kits: Available through various manufacturers. For user experiences, please check out the ''Hotrodders'' forum thread, ''[http://www.hotrodders.com/forum/q-jet-rebuild-kit-210485.html#post1502078 Q-jet rebuild kit]''.
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Available through various manufacturers. For user experiences, please check out the ''Hotrodders'' forum thread, [http://www.hotrodders.com/forum/q-jet-rebuild-kit-210485.html#post1502078 '''Q-jet rebuild kit'''].
  
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*Individual Parts: Please refer to the '''''Procedures''''' section.
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====Individual parts====
 +
Please refer to the '''''[[How to rebuild a Rochester Quadrajet 4MV carburetor#Quadrajet tuning and repair parts|Quadrajet tuning and repair parts]]''''' section below.
  
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*Sellers / Sources: <br  />[http://www.cliffshighperformance.com/index.html Cliff's High Performance] <br  />[http://quadrajetparts.com/index.php QuadrajetParts.com] <br  />[http://www.carburetion.com/index.htm Carbs Unlimited] <br  />[http://www.carbkitsource.com/ The Carburetor Doctor]
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====Sellers/sources====
 +
*[http://www.cliffshighperformance.com/index.html '''Cliff's High Performance''']
 +
*[http://quadrajetparts.com/index.php '''QuadrajetParts.com''']
 +
*[http://www.carburetion.com/index.htm '''Carbs Unlimited''']
 +
*[http://www.carbkitsource.com/ '''The Carburetor Doctor''']
  
 
===C. Tools===
 
===C. Tools===
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:*Carburetor stand - used to keep the carburetor in place while working on it. It is useful for testing out all linkages before re-installation. You can buy one from any performance auto parts supplier or build your own. For ideas, check out this [http://www.forabodiesonly.com/mopar/showpost.php?p=498702&postcount=2 post] on [http://www.forabodiesonly.com/ For A-Bodies Only]
 
:*Carburetor stand - used to keep the carburetor in place while working on it. It is useful for testing out all linkages before re-installation. You can buy one from any performance auto parts supplier or build your own. For ideas, check out this [http://www.forabodiesonly.com/mopar/showpost.php?p=498702&postcount=2 post] on [http://www.forabodiesonly.com/ For A-Bodies Only]
  
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<blockquote>''"I built a stand to hold the carb body so that I could functionally check all the linkage and clearances on the butterflies. It also makes assembly of the metering rods much easier. You can buy a stand, but hard to justify unless you plan on rebuilding lots of carbs. My Q-Jet book told me how to build the stand and it has been invaluable over the years."'' - '''''trees''''', [http://www.hotrodders.com Hotrodders]forum member.</blockquote>
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<blockquote>''"I built a stand to hold the carb body so that I could functionally check all the linkage and clearances on the butterflies. It also makes assembly of the metering rods much easier. You can buy a stand, but hard to justify unless you plan on rebuilding lots of carbs. My Q-jet book told me how to build the stand and it has been invaluable over the years."'' - '''''trees''''', [http://www.hotrodders.com Hotrodders]forum member.</blockquote>
  
 
=====Chemicals=====
 
=====Chemicals=====
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:*Throttle return spring
 
:*Throttle return spring
 
:*Divorced-choke coil- Unscrew from the intake manifold if applicable.
 
:*Divorced-choke coil- Unscrew from the intake manifold if applicable.
−
 
  
 
:The carburetor is held in place by two long bolts visible on top of the air horn and either two nuts or two bolts on the back of the carburetor on top of the throttle cable bracket. Loosen these up, remove them, and set them aside in the parts organizer.
 
:The carburetor is held in place by two long bolts visible on top of the air horn and either two nuts or two bolts on the back of the carburetor on top of the throttle cable bracket. Loosen these up, remove them, and set them aside in the parts organizer.
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===D. Dis-assembly===
 
===D. Dis-assembly===
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'''''Note:''''' Be sure to have your parts organizer near by at all times. Also, take the time to match up the new parts with the old ones as soon as you remove them. If something doesn't match up, return it for the right part before beginning re-assembly.
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{{Note1}}Be sure to have your parts organizer near by at all times. Also, take the time to match up the new parts with the old ones as soon as you remove them. If something doesn't match up, return it for the right part before beginning re-assembly.
  
 
====Accelerator pump actuator====
 
====Accelerator pump actuator====
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====Choke and linkage====
 
====Choke and linkage====
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'''''Cautionary Note:''''' It is very important to take good, well-lit, close-up pictures of the linkages before dis-assembly. The choke linkage has several parts that must line up in a specific way during re-assembly or they will not work.
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{{Caution}}It is very important to take good, well-lit, close-up pictures of the linkages before dis-assembly. The choke linkage has several parts that must line up in a specific way during re-assembly or they will not work.
  
 
====Air Horn and Metering Rods====
 
====Air Horn and Metering Rods====
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*Jets
 
*Jets
 
*Fuel Filter Housing
 
*Fuel Filter Housing
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 +
=====Needle and seat=====
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Be sure the metal seal under the old needle seat has been removed before a new seal is installed.
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 +
Be sure to hook the needle clip as shown below:
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 +
[[File:Float clip1.jpg]]
  
 
====Base/throttle body====
 
====Base/throttle body====
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====Trouble spots====
 
====Trouble spots====
 
Please keep an eye on the following areas during dis-assembly and rebuild.
 
Please keep an eye on the following areas during dis-assembly and rebuild.
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 +
=====Accelerator pump assembly=====
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If the accelerator pump wasn't working correctly, be sure to attach the linkage to the pump arm hole nearest the pivot to get the biggest pump shot. You can try the smaller shot and if that works well, use it.
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There are several different accelerator pump rod lengths used depending on the carb, if it's the wrong length this can cause the pump to work poorly.
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If the springs are reversed and the return spring that should be under the pump assembly is used as the override spring on the shaft, and the override spring is used under the assembly, that can cause it to work poorly. Sometimes the fuel filter spring gets mixed up with the accelerator pump springs as well.
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 +
If the piston seal is wrong it can have a hard time pushing fuel and/or allowing the pump to refill.
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There's a ball that acts as a check valve under a screw in the float bowl, driver side. Be sure the ball is in place and sealing as it should. The check ball seat can be re-formed by carefully tapping an old check ball against the seat using a small punch and light mallet/hammer.
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Sometimes the accelerator pump bore gets glazed where it doesn't seal against the piston very well. The bore can be lightly honed using 600 grit wet or dry. I use a wooden dowel w/a piece of cloth wrapped around the dowel and the emery paper wrapped around the cloth. Then make like a boy scout starting a fire or like you're lapping a valve. You don't want to remove the finish, just break the glaze ever so lightly and to smooth the bore.
  
 
=====Stripped or loose/damaged fuel inlet threads=====
 
=====Stripped or loose/damaged fuel inlet threads=====
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=====Leaking float bowl well plugs=====
 
=====Leaking float bowl well plugs=====
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A common problem on the early Q-jets especially, is leaky main wells. The 'cure' for this has long been to use JB Weld, etc. to seal them over. This is just a stop-gap measure, I have seen personally how the epoxy will degrade over time and quit sealing as it did at first.
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A common problem (mostly) on the early (1968-back) Q-jets especially, is leaky wells. The early leak-prone plugs can be identified by being brass cup-type plugs as opposed to aluminum. The late-type plugs are shown below, left- front plugs arrows, rear plugs circled. The 'cure' for this has long been to use JB Weld, etc. to seal them over. This is just a stop-gap measure, the epoxy will degrade and quit sealing.
  
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If a permanent fix is wanted, the wells can be resealed with new plugs that are peened over to hold them in place, or the wells can be drilled and tapped for short screws that will cure them for good. The primary wells seldom leak, the secondary wells on the early carbs do tend to leak more than the later carbs.  
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The well plug stop-leak pads that come in many rebuild kits are a joke (below, center and right). They will seal the leaking rear plugs for a few heat cycles before shrinking down to a fraction of their former thickness. The result is the carb will initially run as it should, ''quickly'' followed by the same symptoms of a leaky plug returning. Do not waste your time with them. If you have a leaking plug, repair it right.
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 +
[[File:Q jet well plugs.jpg|400px]][[File:WELL PLUG 1.jpg|295px]][[File:WELL PLUG 2.jpg]]
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 +
The tell-tail signs of leaking well plugs is if the carb float bowl empties overnight. This will usually leave a small hit of fuel in the bottom of the accelerator pump well, but unless the engine starts and runs well when cold (or has an electric fuel pump), the engine will often stall after starting, then will take a lot of cranking for the mechanical pump to refill the bowl and the engine to restart.
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On the post ~1968 Q-jets, the [B]secondary[/B] plugs are spun in then peened, so to speak. The [I]main[/I] plugs are pressed and sealed w/a soft metal around them- and they can and do leak on some carbs, regardless of the year.
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Epoxy is not the way to fix a leaking main well plug- tapping them for a machine screw works much longer- as in forever. Epoxy will eventually delaminate from the metal and the leak will resume.Ruggles mentions using Marine Tex epoxy to seal the threads of replacement well plugs, but he states that using epoxy alone to repair a leaking well plug is akin to "cutting your arm off and putting a Band-Aid on it".
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FWIW, there is an epoxy by Devcon (made in the USA, look for "Devcon Home"). It comes in the older 2 tube packages and the newer double plunger syringe type. On the back it clearly states it  <u>*RESISTS UNLEADED FUEL*</u>, salt, gasoline, oil etc. Full set time 8-12 hrs/2500 psi. However, be aware there is no empirical evidence that this epoxy will work for the life of the carb without any delamination or degradation.
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So, if a '''''permanent''''' fix is wanted, the wells can be resealed with new plugs that are peened over to hold them in place, or the wells can be drilled and tapped for plugs that will seal them for good. The primary wells seldom leak, the secondary wells on the early (1968-back) carbs do leak much more often than the later carbs.  
  
 
Also please see post #48 on [http://www.hotrodders.com/forum/rochester-quadrajet-4mv-carburetor-removal-disassembly-rebuild-rookie-level-190558-4.html page 4] on the thread [http://www.hotrodders.com/forum/rochester-quadrajet-4mv-carburetor-removal-disassembly-rebuild-rookie-level-190558.html ''"Rochester Quadrajet 4MV Carburetor: Removal, Disassembly, Rebuild (Rookie Level")'']
 
Also please see post #48 on [http://www.hotrodders.com/forum/rochester-quadrajet-4mv-carburetor-removal-disassembly-rebuild-rookie-level-190558-4.html page 4] on the thread [http://www.hotrodders.com/forum/rochester-quadrajet-4mv-carburetor-removal-disassembly-rebuild-rookie-level-190558.html ''"Rochester Quadrajet 4MV Carburetor: Removal, Disassembly, Rebuild (Rookie Level")'']
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Throttle return springs used as shown below should be avoided:
 
Throttle return springs used as shown below should be avoided:
 
[[File:Throttle return bad.jpg|thumb|800px|left|Bad throttle return spring orientation]] <br style="clear:both"/>
 
[[File:Throttle return bad.jpg|thumb|800px|left|Bad throttle return spring orientation]] <br style="clear:both"/>
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 +
The secondary throttle shaft rarely ever need bushings; even brand new there's quite a bit of clearance between the shaft and throttle plate. If the secondary shaft/throttle plate bore so bad that bushings are needed, the rest of the carb is likely worn very badly; another core or at a least another throttle plate should be considered.
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=====No drilling/Teflon bushing fix=====
 +
[http://67-72chevytrucks.com/vboard/showthread.php?p=4688535 No Drilling / Teflon Bushing Article] shows how to re-bush the primary shaft with no drilling by cutting a teflon sheet into small strips, as shown below. The teflon sheets are available from smallparts.com as well as many other sources online. If this is attempted, be sure that the amount of wear is measured so the right thickness of teflon sheet is used.
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 +
[[File:QJet 3.jpg|500px]][[File:Teflon_bushing.jpeg|530px]]
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 +
This fix leaves the body original, however a correctly done repair will not detract from the value of a carb in most cases, in fact it adds to it due to the permanent nature of fixing it with a brass/oilite-type bushing as opposed to using a material like teflon that will wear out much sooner than a bushing.
  
 
=====Throttle blade screw removal=====
 
=====Throttle blade screw removal=====
 
If primary throttle shaft bushings are to be installed, the throttle shaft has to first be removed. After removing all the linkages and choke parts from the end of the shaft, the throttle blades will need to be removed.
 
If primary throttle shaft bushings are to be installed, the throttle shaft has to first be removed. After removing all the linkages and choke parts from the end of the shaft, the throttle blades will need to be removed.
  
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First, the ends of the original screws have to be ground away because they're "staked" at the factory. You may notice the ends are split a slight amount to make them impossible to loosen, back out and fall into the intake.
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First, the ends of the original screws have to be ground away because they're "staked" at the factory (see image below, left). You may notice the ends are split a slight amount or rounded over to make them impossible to loosen, back out and fall into the intake. All the screws that hold the throttle blades, air valve, and choke flap are staked in this manner.
  
 
[[File:STAKED QJET SCREW.jpg|border|250px|left]]
 
[[File:STAKED QJET SCREW.jpg|border|250px|left]]
−
Should a screw get broken off in the shaft, it can be removed by whatever method available; often drilling is done but be careful to get centered on the broken screw. A drill press is the way to do this best, with the throttle plate clamped down. There's no need to worry about matching the screw sizes side-to-side, in other words, if only one screw broke off, use the other original threaded hole along with the larger hole made for the broken screw. Just use the next larger size and use loctite as well as "peening" the ends of the screws.
 
  
−
To do the peening, you can clamp a piece of square stock into a vice to use as an anvil to support the screw head on, then peen the ends of the screws with a small jeweler's hammer or ball peen. You don't need to simulate the factory way of staking; the main idea is to disrupt the threads on the end of the screw so they cannot fall into the engine. The loctite will do the rest.
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Should a screw get broken off in the shaft, it can be removed by whatever method available; often drilling is done but be careful to get centered on the broken screw. A drill press is the way to do this best, with the throttle plate clamped down. There's no need to worry about matching the screw sizes side-to-side, in other words, if only one screw broke off, use the other original threaded hole along with the larger hole made for the broken screw. Just use the next larger size and use loctite as well as "peening" the ends of the screws. The original screw thread size is 3-48, however the holes can be opened up enough to use a larger screw like a 6-32 thread if need be.  
  
−
If the ends of the screws look too long, they can be ground down with a dremel to the approximate length of the stock screws before peening them.
+
=====Throttle blade screw replacement=====
 +
As mentioned above, the screws can be enlarged to 6-32 if need be. The factory stakes or peens the screws to retain them from falling into the engine, you should do the same (the end of the screw has to protrude past the shaft to do this).
  
−
Be very careful if you end up trying to find a replacement for the secondary shaft. They are not all the same. I'm curious. Why did you remove the shaft if you aren't bushing it?
+
To do the staking, you can clamp a piece of square stock into a vice to use as an anvil to support the screw head on, then peen the ends of the screws with a small jeweler's hammer or ball peen. You don't need to simulate the factory way of staking; the main idea is to disrupt the threads on the end of the screw so they cannot fall into the engine. The loctite will do the rest; the blue formula works good. Be careful to not hit the ends of the screws unless the head of the screw is supported against something solid. You don't want to bend the shaft.
  
−
The secondary throttle shaft do not need bushings. If the secondary shaft/throttle plate bore is that bad, the rest of the carb is likely worn badly; another core or at a least another throttle plate should be considered.  
+
[[File:Vise grip.jpg|right]]
 +
Alternatively, you can use a pair of clamping vise grips to get the jaws on both ends of the screw. This can disrupt the ends of the screws enough to keep them from falling into the engine.
 +
 +
If the ends of the screws look too long, they can be ground down with a dremel or small file to the approximate length of the stock screws before peening them.
  
 
=====Cleaning orifices=====
 
=====Cleaning orifices=====
−
Please see posts numbers 23 through 28 on page 2 in the thread ''[http://www.hotrodders.com/forum/rochester-quadrajet-4mv-carburetor-removal-disassembly-rebuild-rookie-level-190558-2.html Rochester Quadrajet 4MV Carburetor: Removal, Disassembly, Rebuild (Rookie Level)]''.
+
;Please see posts numbers 23 through 28 on page 2 in the thread ''[http://www.hotrodders.com/forum/rochester-quadrajet-4mv-carburetor-removal-disassembly-rebuild-rookie-level-190558-2.html#post1374844 Rochester Quadrajet 4MV Carburetor: Removal, Disassembly, Rebuild (Rookie Level)]''.
 +
 
 +
One area that needs special attention are the secondary well fill orifices. Most first-time rebuilders don't even realize they exist. The location is shown below.
 +
 
 +
[[File:Sec wells1.jpg]]
 +
 
 +
Do not enlarge the orifices unless you know what you're getting yourself into. If these orifices are made too large the secondaries can run too rich.
  
 
=====Throttle blades=====
 
=====Throttle blades=====
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=====Cleaning idle tubes=====
 
=====Cleaning idle tubes=====
−
The procedure for removal, cleaning and re-installation is covered in Ruggles' book (chapter 5, "Rebuilding the Carb", pages 77-78). It is also discussed on the thread ''[http://www.hotrodders.com/forum/1977-chevy-k20-engine-suffers-hesitation-power-loss-when-drive-213757.html "1977 Chevy K20: Engine Suffers from Hesitation/Power Loss When In Drive"]''  ([http://www.hotrodders.com/forum/1977-chevy-k20-engine-suffers-hesitation-power-loss-when-drive-213757-5.html page 5], post # 53, 58, 59).
+
The procedure for removal, cleaning and re-installation is covered in Ruggles' book (chapter 5, "Rebuilding the Carb", pages 77-78). It is also discussed on the thread ''[http://www.hotrodders.com/forum/1977-chevy-k20-engine-suffers-hesitation-power-loss-when-drive-213757.html "1977 Chevy K20: Engine Suffers from Hesitation/Power Loss When In Drive"]''  ([http://www.hotrodders.com/forum/1977-chevy-k20-engine-suffers-hesitation-power-loss-when-drive-213757-4.html page4], post # 53, 58, 59).
  
 
===E. Cleaning===
 
===E. Cleaning===
 
----
 
----
 
=====Soaking the parts=====
 
=====Soaking the parts=====
−
'''Cautionary Note:''' According to [http://www.hotrodders.com Hotrodders] forum member '''''trees''''':
+
{{Caution}}According to [http://www.hotrodders.com Hotrodders] forum member '''''trees''''':
−
<blockquote>''"Soaking all metallic parts is the way to go but using small brushes lightly is a good ideal. Do not soak non-metallic items." ^''</blockquote>
+
<blockquote>''"Soaking all metallic parts is the way to go but using small brushes lightly is a good idea. Do not soak non-metallic items." ^''</blockquote>
  
 
=====Cleaning with brushes and wires=====
 
=====Cleaning with brushes and wires=====
−
'''Cautionary Note:''' According to [http://www.hotrodders.com Hotrodders] forum member '''''trees''''':
+
{{Caution}}According to [http://www.hotrodders.com Hotrodders] forum member '''''trees''''':
 
<blockquote>''"You also need to use the correct size wire to run through all the jets and orifices. Be careful not to force the wire and score the surface." ^''</blockquote>
 
<blockquote>''"You also need to use the correct size wire to run through all the jets and orifices. Be careful not to force the wire and score the surface." ^''</blockquote>
  
−
====="White Stuff" Build Up=====
+
====="White stuff" oxidation deposit build up=====
−
For information on the ''"white stuff"'' that can build up on carburetor castings, please see the discussion on the ''Hotrodders'' thread, [http://www.hotrodders.com/forum/quadrajet-211629-3.html '''''Quadrajet'''''].
+
For information on the ''"white stuff"'' that can build up on carburetor castings, please see the discussions on the ''Hotrodders'' threads:
 +
*[http://www.hotrodders.com/forum/quadrajet-211629-3.html '''''Quadrajet'''''].
 +
*[http://www.hotrodders.com/forum/carburetor-builders-answer-174471.html#post1242012 '''''Carburetor Builders Answer this!!!!!!!!!''''']
  
 
=====Drying the parts=====
 
=====Drying the parts=====
−
'''Cautionary Note:''' According to [http://www.hotrodders.com Hotrodders] forum member '''''trees''''':
+
{{Caution}}According to [http://www.hotrodders.com Hotrodders] forum member '''''trees''''':
 
<blockquote>''"One last rinse with the cleaner and blow dry everything. Make sure you use eye protection for this because the solvent can do serious damage!" ^''</blockquote>
 
<blockquote>''"One last rinse with the cleaner and blow dry everything. Make sure you use eye protection for this because the solvent can do serious damage!" ^''</blockquote>
  
Line 285: Line 352:
  
 
=====Base/throttle plate=====
 
=====Base/throttle plate=====
−
'''Note:''' Sometimes the Q-jet base plate may be missing a screw or two (there are only two on most carbs; three at the most). While the base plate is "helped" being held on by the two long front intake manifold mounting bolts and the two long screws at the rear of the carb, it's still a good idea to replace the missing screws. Just be sure to not over tighten these long bolts. If they're over tightened, it can warp the carb permanently.  
+
{{Note1}}Sometimes the Q-jet base plate may be missing a screw or two (there are only two on most carbs; three at the most). While the base plate is "helped" being held on by the two long front intake manifold mounting bolts and the two long screws at the rear of the carb, it's still a good idea to replace the missing screws. Just be sure to not over tighten these long bolts. If they're over tightened, it can warp the carb permanently.
  
 
=====Float/fuel bowl=====
 
=====Float/fuel bowl=====
Line 295: Line 362:
 
:# Accelerator Pump
 
:# Accelerator Pump
  
−
'''Note:''' When removing the accelerator pump arm roll pin, place a ~0.050" feeler gauge (or similar thickness material) behind the accelerator pump lever pin, so when you drive the pin towards the air horn lip it doesn't butt tightly against it; instead there's room to get a thin straight blade screwdriver in behind it to lever the pin back into position.
+
{{Note1}}When removing the accelerator pump arm roll pin, place a ~0.050" feeler gauge (or similar thickness material) behind the accelerator pump lever pin, so when you drive the pin towards the air horn lip it doesn't butt tightly against it; instead there's room to get a thin straight blade screwdriver in behind it to lever the pin back into position.
  
 
=====Air horn=====
 
=====Air horn=====
Line 306: Line 373:
  
 
===G. Re-installation===
 
===G. Re-installation===
−
----
+
====Carb gaskets====
−
'''Cautionary Note:''' Tighten the carb to the thick insulator-type gasket evenly but not too tightly. Because the gasket of that type has a lot of give to it, it can cause the base plate to warp- sometimes enough to cause the throttle shafts/blades to bind.
+
=====Early factory intake with exposed heat crossover=====
 +
[[File:Early qjetintake1.jpg|thumb|right|350px|Arrows indicate heat passage holes which can be blocked if desired]]
 +
On early (about 1969-back) Chevy BBC and SBC Q-jet intakes, the manifold was equipped with an exposed heat crossover below the primary side of the carb. This intake manifold requires a specific gasket and heat shield (below left) be used to prevent vacuum leaks and to resist the heat.
  
−
'''Cautionary Note:''' According to [http://www.hotrodders.com Hotrodders] forum member '''''cyclopsblown34''''':
+
[[File:Carb gasketsearly q-jet.gif|thumb|350px|left|Metal heat shield goes against carb; fiber insulator goes against intake]]
−
<blockquote>''"That nut on the backside of the carburetor base plate, do not overtighten it. Use a thread sealant tape or paste on it and don't wrench down hard on it, the casting is thin and will crack if over torqued. you can pretty much get it tight by feel, the sealant allows you to tighten it with less torque and still have a good seal." ^''</blockquote>
+
 
 +
The heat crossover can be blocked either at the intake gasket, or by blocking off the ports that feed heat to the "U"-shaped channel in the intake with 1/4" pipe plugs. This mod will prevent the base plate from possibly warping and should help provide a denser air/fuel mixture due to the cooler temperature. Be aware that this can mean longer warm up times, and may require some changes to the calibrations. <br style="clear:both"/>
 +
 
 +
{{Caution}}Tighten the carb to the thick insulator-type gasket evenly but not too tightly. Because the gasket of that type has a lot of give to it, it can cause the base plate to warp- sometimes enough to cause the throttle shafts/blades to bind. In severe enough cases the baseplate can even crack.
 +
 
 +
=====Later factory and aftermarket intakes=====
 +
In most cases a thick fiber insulator-type gasket will provide good sealing and help to keep the carb temperature down. Heed the caution above regarding not overtightening the carb.
 +
 
 +
====Baseplate vacuum fittings====
 +
Not all carbs have a tapped vacuum port in the rear of the baseplate. When it is present, this port can be used for the power brake booster. Don't use it for the PCV system; that port is located in the front of the baseplate (primary side). The port is threaded with pipe threads, either 1/8" or 1/4".
 +
 
 +
{{Caution}}Do not overtighten any vacuum fitting or plug into the baseplate! The aluminum casting will crack if the male pipe threads of the fitting are overtightened.
 +
 
 +
Seal the plug or fitting with teflon tape or a good thread sealant. Either of these will also act as a lubricant, making overtightening a lot easier than if the threads were dry, so be careful.
 +
 
 +
{{Note1}}Do not use teflon tape on any fuel line fittings. The filaments of teflon tape that is left over after a fitting is removed is hard to completely remove from the threads, and it will clog the needle and seat and/or jets if it finds its way into the carb.
  
 
==Tuning==
 
==Tuning==
 
Some basic [http://www.73-87.com/7387garage/drivetrain/myqjet.htm tips and links], from from 73-87.com.
 
Some basic [http://www.73-87.com/7387garage/drivetrain/myqjet.htm tips and links], from from 73-87.com.
  
−
===Basic adjustments===
+
===Air fuel ratio===
 +
The a/f ratio requirements vary with the demand; richer for high demand (low vacuum) situations, leaner for light throttle cruise conditions, and in between these two when accelerating at less than WOT.
 +
 
 +
[[File:Af chart1.jpg]]
 +
 
 +
===Air/fuel ratio meter===
 +
Using an air/fuel ratio meter makes tuning a lot easier. They are available from several manufacturers, [http://www.fuelairspark.com/Products/FS-%27Digital%20Air/Fuel%20Meters%27-0.aspx this] is an example from FAST, there are several others: Innovative, Edelbrock, Auto Meter, etc.
 +
 
 +
There are also instructions available online for making an A/F meter, an example can be seen [http://www.scirocco.org/tech/misc/afgauge/af.html '''here'''], from scirocco.org.
 +
 
 +
===Basic carb adjustments===
 
[http://vetteworks.tripod.com/qjet.htm Rochester 4MC, 4MV, M4MC, and E4ME Carburetors] from vetteworks.tripod.com
 
[http://vetteworks.tripod.com/qjet.htm Rochester 4MC, 4MV, M4MC, and E4ME Carburetors] from vetteworks.tripod.com
  
−
===Idle problems===
+
===Idle circuit===
 
*[http://www.73-87.com/7387garage/drivetrain/qjetidle.htm Q-jet Idle Problems] from 73-87.com
 
*[http://www.73-87.com/7387garage/drivetrain/qjetidle.htm Q-jet Idle Problems] from 73-87.com
  
 
====Idle discharge ports====
 
====Idle discharge ports====
−
The idle discharge ports that are controlled by the idle mixture screws can be anywhere from around 0.050" to 0.080" diameter. If you find a lean idle condition that doesn't seem to respond to turning the screws CCW, you can gauge the port size using your small numbered drill bit index, then enlarge it one size at a time until you regain control with the screws.  
+
The idle discharge ports that are controlled by the idle mixture screws can be anywhere from around 0.050" to 0.080" diameter. If you find a lean idle condition that doesn't seem to respond to turning the screws CCW, you can gauge the port size using your small numbered drill bit index, then enlarge it one size at a time until you regain control with the screws. Usually about 0.090" is sufficient.
  
 
This is providing that the throttle plates are not open too far due to a large cam- which will over-expose the transfer slot, just like on a Holley. The cure for that is the same as you'd do with a Holley- start by using more ignition advance. This allows the primary throttle blades to be closed down some to lower the idle speed, which increases due to the advanced timing. Often, this is all that's needed, so be sure to do this FIRST, then enlarge the ports only if still needed. Normally, going larger than 0.0100" isn't needed and if the idle screws are still not responsive at this size, the problem lies elsewhere- like needing idle bypass air (or more bypass air).
 
This is providing that the throttle plates are not open too far due to a large cam- which will over-expose the transfer slot, just like on a Holley. The cure for that is the same as you'd do with a Holley- start by using more ignition advance. This allows the primary throttle blades to be closed down some to lower the idle speed, which increases due to the advanced timing. Often, this is all that's needed, so be sure to do this FIRST, then enlarge the ports only if still needed. Normally, going larger than 0.0100" isn't needed and if the idle screws are still not responsive at this size, the problem lies elsewhere- like needing idle bypass air (or more bypass air).
 +
 +
====Idle bypass air====
 +
Similar to drilling the primary throttle blades, the idle air bypass orifices introduce air below the primary throttle blades. These orifices can be enlarged/reduced to help some engines idle better.
 +
 +
The idle air bypass orifices are almost always in the base plate. There are holes above the baseplate connected to the orifices, but they are usually much larger than the orifices so the orifices in the baseplate are all that need to be enlarged or made smaller.
 +
 +
There are different locations for the orifices, but they're all adjacent to the primary throttle bores of the baseplate. The sizes vary from no opening at all to around 1/8". Measure them using a drill bit.
 +
 +
Carbs from bulk rebuilders will often have the bypass channels or orifices blocked off with lead shot tapped into the casting channels/orifices, to make the carb "generic" as opposed to being tuned for a specific, exact application. Generally speaking, there's no harm in doing this as long as it has been done correctly. Unfortunately, trying the carb on your running engine is about the only way you can know for sure, unless the desired orifice sizes are known ahead of time. Fortunately if need be, the lead can be fairly easily removed, or drilled to give bypass air.
 +
 +
The rebuilders block them in various places: sometimes the baseplate, other times in the carb body. If this ever comes up, follow the channels from the baseplate into the body and you'll find these bypass holes. Often these rebuilt carbs will use cheap unmarked, unplated brass metering rods and might even have unmarked jets.
 +
 +
The older 'tunnel' type bypass air channels (circles):
 +
 +
[[File:Bypass 1.jpg]]
 +
 +
 +
The later 'tab' type bypass air orifices, most look like the one shown below: one orifice is in the left tab, the other orifice is just inside the bore (arrow on right). Some have two orifices like on the left (right tab would be where the circle is).
 +
 +
[[File:Bypass2.jpg]]
 +
 +
===Power piston===
 +
From quadrajetparts.com:
 +
 +
<blockquote>'''Testing a power piston'''<br>
 +
You can easily test your Rochester Quadrajet power valve spring to see if it is too strong. At idle, the engine vacuum needs to keep the power valve fully seated (the fully down position is the leanest position). Take a normal plastic drinking straw and place it in the top vent of the airhorn, by leaning the straw on a slant you should be able to feel the power piston as you press the piston down and up. With the engine shut off, place a mark with a marker on the straw showing to top height of the vent. When you start the engine, the straw should pull down and stay down. If you see the straw move up and down, you know that the power piston valve spring is too strong for the vacuum produced by the engine at idle and needs to be replaced with a lighter (weaker) spring. Also if the power piston is moving up and down at idle, the engine rpm will also be unstable and will rise and fall.</blockquote>
 +
 +
This will also tell you if the power piston is stuck in the up position if you suspect it might be, like after a rebuild.
  
 
===Power piston springs===
 
===Power piston springs===
−
A power piston spring allows the power piston (aka "PP") to behave like a Holley power valve (or "PV"), that is, the enrichening system is controlled by the amount of vacuum the engine is producing- which is also an indication of how much load the engine is under. More load = less vacuum. Less vacuum = more enrichment, all else being equal. PP springs are seldom mentioned when Q-Jet tuning is being discussed, but need to be addressed just like if it were a Holley PV. The same principals apply, as far as tuning for low vacuum cams, etc.
+
A power piston spring allows the power piston (aka "PP") to behave like a Holley power valve (or "PV"), that is, the enrichening system is controlled by the amount of vacuum the engine is producing- which is also an indication of how much load the engine is under. More load = less vacuum. Less vacuum = more enrichment, all else being equal. PP springs aren't always mentioned when Q-jet tuning is being discussed, but need to be addressed just like if it were a Holley PV. The same principals apply, as far as tuning for low vacuum cams, etc.
 +
 
 +
At high vacuum, the vacuum exceeds the PP spring rate and the primary metering rods are pulled down into the main jets, leaning the fuel/air mixture. Conversely, when vacuum drops, like when under a load or the accelerator pedal is whacked WFO, the PP spring rate exceeds the pull from the engine vacuum, which allows the spring to lift the primary metering rods up to their smaller diameter, or "rich" position.
  
−
At high vacuum, the vacuum exceeds the PP spring rate and the needles are pulled down into the main jets, leaning the fuel/air mixture. Conversely, when vacuum drops, like when under a load or the accelerator pedal is whacked WFO, the PP spring rate exceeds the pull from the engine vacuum, which allows the spring to lift the needles up to their smaller diameter, or "rich" position.
+
If a “medium” PP spring = a Holley 6.5 in/Hg, a "soft" PP spring (allows enrichening to come in at a lower vacuum) would be like a 3.5 Holley PV; a “stiff” PP spring = a Holley PV of, say, 8.5 in/Hg. Longer duration cams will use a softer rate PP spring.
  
−
If a “medium” PP spring = a Holley 6.5 in/Hg, a "soft" PP spring (allows enrichening to come in at a lower vacuum) would be like a 3.5 Holley PV; a “stiff” PP spring = a Holley PV of, say, 8.5 in/Hg. Longer duration cams will “like” a softer PP spring.
+
Below, left is an image showing a variety of different springs. The springs vary in length, coils per inch, and wire diameter (0.012"- 0.020" in the collection below, as an example).
  
−
Below is an image showing a variety of different springs, another shot shows three different types of power piston. The springs vary in length, coil diameter and wire diameter (0.012"- 0.020" in the collection below, as an example).
+
The image to the right shows three different types of power piston. The power piston on the left with the rod extending from the bottom is used with the baseplate mounted APT adjustment.
 
{|
 
{|
 
|[[File:Power piston springs 002.jpg|400px]]
 
|[[File:Power piston springs 002.jpg|400px]]
Line 339: Line 463:
 
|}
 
|}
  
−
Edelbrock has some Q-Jet tuning parts. They show four different PP springs: gold (4" Hg), orange (5" Hg), black (6" Hg), and yellow (8" Hg) in their p/n 1980 spring kit. These springs are also available in their "Race Calibration Kit" that contains a selection of main jets and rods, secondary rods, hangars, PP springs, high flow needle and seat and an accelerator pump. There are also other suppliers of PP springs and other various tune up and repair parts; see the links below this section.
+
Edelbrock has four different PP springs: gold (4"/Hg), orange (5"/Hg), black (6"/Hg), and yellow (8"/Hg) in their p/n 1994 spring kit. These springs are also available in their "Race Calibration Kit" that contains a selection of main jets and rods, secondary rods, hangars, PP springs, high flow needle and seat and an accelerator pump. There are also other suppliers of PP springs and other various tune up and repair parts; see the links below this section.
  
−
*GM power piston spring p/n 7037305 is set for a tip in point of ~6 in/Hg, and would work well with a high vacuum, smooth idling and/or wide LSA-type cam.  
+
*GM power piston spring p/n 7037305 is set for a tip in point of ~6 in/Hg, and would work well with a high vacuum, smooth idling and/or wide LSA type cam.  
 
*GM PP spring p/n 7036019 has a tip in of about 8 in/Hg.  
 
*GM PP spring p/n 7036019 has a tip in of about 8 in/Hg.  
 
*GM part #7029922 is a rather weak spring that was OE for HO Pontiac engines from the early ‘70s. It delays enrichment until vacuum drops to ~3 in/Hg. This spring will work with durations >/= 230 degrees @ 0.050” lift.  
 
*GM part #7029922 is a rather weak spring that was OE for HO Pontiac engines from the early ‘70s. It delays enrichment until vacuum drops to ~3 in/Hg. This spring will work with durations >/= 230 degrees @ 0.050” lift.  
Line 347: Line 471:
  
 
===Adjustable part throttle (APT) setting===
 
===Adjustable part throttle (APT) setting===
−
Another seldom-mentioned adjustment that can be made to a Q-Jet, is the travel limiter for the PP. It can be adjusted (screwed) up or down to allow the primary needles to sit higher or lower at max vacuum, and is another tuning aid when dealing with long duration or overlap cams. This adjustment is referred to as the APT or "adjustable part throttle" setting.
+
Another adjustment that can be made to a Q-Jet is the position of the tips of the primary metering rods in the jets. By setting the position of the power piston up or down using the adjustable part throttle adjustment, the primary metering rods can be made to sit higher or lower in the jets at max vacuum. This brings in enrichment sooner or later, as needed. This is another tuning aid when dealing with long duration or overlap cams. This adjustment is referred to as the APT or "adjustable part throttle" setting.
  
 +
====Airhorn APT adjustment location====
 
There are two common types of APT adjustment locations: later carbs use a plugged hole in the airhorn, earlier carbs use a plugged hole in the baseplate.
 
There are two common types of APT adjustment locations: later carbs use a plugged hole in the airhorn, earlier carbs use a plugged hole in the baseplate.
−
 
+
The later style adjuster is shown with a red arrow pointing to it, below. The yellow arrow points to the hole where the power piston is located.
−
Before removing the adjustment screw from the carb body (airhorn-adjusted APT), count the turns it takes to lightly bottom the adjustment screw and write it down before removing the screw- if it needs to be removed; often it can just be left in place. Use this setting as a baseline at reassembly.
+
−
 
+
−
====Airhorn APT adjustment location====
+
−
It is shown with a red arrow pointing to it, below. The yellow arrow points to the hole where the power piston is located.
+
  
 
[[File:Apt screw details.jpg]] <br style="clear:both"/>
 
[[File:Apt screw details.jpg]] <br style="clear:both"/>
  
 +
====APT adjustment====
 
This adjustment is called the "adjustable part throttle" setting, or just "APT" for short. Using those terms will help you find additional info on the subject should you want it. The setting procedures will be for a Quadrajet 4-barrel- but they are basically the same for the Rochester Dualjet 2-barrel as well, which is the primary side of a Q-jet carb, anyway.
 
This adjustment is called the "adjustable part throttle" setting, or just "APT" for short. Using those terms will help you find additional info on the subject should you want it. The setting procedures will be for a Quadrajet 4-barrel- but they are basically the same for the Rochester Dualjet 2-barrel as well, which is the primary side of a Q-jet carb, anyway.
  
Line 363: Line 485:
  
 
If you don't have the tool that fits the adjuster screw, carefully slot the screw yourself so you can use a small straight blade screwdriver to adjust it.  
 
If you don't have the tool that fits the adjuster screw, carefully slot the screw yourself so you can use a small straight blade screwdriver to adjust it.  
 +
 +
Before removing the adjustment screw from the carb body (airhorn-adjusted APT), count the turns it takes to lightly bottom the adjustment screw and write it down before removing the screw- if it needs to be removed; often it can just be left in place. Use this setting as a baseline at reassembly.
  
 
You may read that 2 to as much as 3-1/2 turns CCW from lightly bottoming the adjustment screw is a starting point. What may also be done for a starting point is for the top of the adjustment screw to be just a small amount above the carb body casting without a gasket in place. The carb [I]may[/I] be richer than needed in that position (or not, depending. But in that position the engine can be run safely and further fine tuning can be done, and  with the following modification to the airhorn to allow easy access to the adjustment, it can be quickly and easily adjusted.
 
You may read that 2 to as much as 3-1/2 turns CCW from lightly bottoming the adjustment screw is a starting point. What may also be done for a starting point is for the top of the adjustment screw to be just a small amount above the carb body casting without a gasket in place. The carb [I]may[/I] be richer than needed in that position (or not, depending. But in that position the engine can be run safely and further fine tuning can be done, and  with the following modification to the airhorn to allow easy access to the adjustment, it can be quickly and easily adjusted.
Line 369: Line 493:
 
<br style="clear:both"/>
 
<br style="clear:both"/>
  
−
Now, you can use the choke or your hand hand to partially block some of the air into the carb. Set the APT to where there is a slight increase in RPM as the carb is partially choked, while running at about 2000 RPM. Don't choke it so much that it stumbles or tries to stall, just enough to see if- and how- the RPM changes. The slight increase in rpm indicates the ATP is set just at the edge of being lean. Further adjustments can be made as needed, be sure the engine is always fully warmed up and that the idle mixture screws are spot on before adjusting the APT, and readjust the idle mixtrure screws after each APT adjustment as well.
+
Now, you can use the choke or your hand hand to partially block some of the air entering the carb. Set the APT to where there is a slight increase in RPM as the carb is partially choked, while running at about 2000 RPM. Don't choke it so much that it stumbles or tries to stall, just enough to see if- and how- the RPM changes. The slight increase in rpm indicates the ATP is set just at the edge of being lean. Further adjustments can be made as needed, be sure the engine is always fully warmed up and that the idle mixture screws are spot on before adjusting the APT, and readjust the idle mixture screws after each APT adjustment as well.
  
−
Another method (from SMI, IIRC): "simply turn the screw DOWN (CW) 1/2 turn at a time until you experience a "lean surge". (It will feel like someone is moving the throttle, when their not, or a hesitation on light throttle acceleration). Then turn the screw UP, until the lean surge goes away.
+
Another method (from SMI, IIRC): "Simply turn the screw DOWN (CW) 1/2 turn at a time until you experience a "lean surge". A lean surge will feel like someone is moving the throttle, or you get a hesitation on light throttle acceleration). Then turn the screw UP (CCW), until the lean surge goes away.
  
−
If you are experiencing an "off-idle stumble", you can turn the screw up at 1/4-1/2 turn at a time until it is eliminated. But be sure to adjust your idle mixture screws properly first, as they can also cause an off idle stumble.
+
If you are experiencing an "off-idle stumble", you can turn the screw up 1/4-1/2 turn at a time until it is eliminated. But be sure to adjust your idle mixture screws properly first, as they can also cause an off idle stumble.
  
 
====Baseplate APT adjustment location====
 
====Baseplate APT adjustment location====
Line 386: Line 510:
  
 
====Aneroid or spool location====
 
====Aneroid or spool location====
−
There were also additional Q-jet designs used mainly in 1975 only, that used an auxiliary enrichment system in addition to (or in some cases instead of) the primary PP system. One has an accordion-shaped aneroid "bellows" that lifted/lowered a single metering rod in a jet; it used no vacuum or power piston to operate it. The aneroid bellows changed the air/fuel ratio in accordance with the barometric pressure. Another was identical to the aneroid except the aneroid was deleted and was replaced by a filler spool that did not respond to barometric pressure; instead it was adjusted to give the correct air/fuel ratio according to ambient conditions only. These systems was found to be lacking, so were discontinued.
+
There were also additional Q-jet designs used mainly in 1975-'76, that used an auxiliary enrichment system in addition to (or in some cases instead of) the primary PP system. One has an accordion-shaped aneroid "bellows" that lifted/lowered a single metering rod in a jet; it used no vacuum or power piston to operate it. The aneroid bellows changed the air/fuel ratio in accordance with the barometric pressure. Another was identical to the aneroid except the aneroid was deleted and was replaced by a filler spool that did not respond to barometric pressure; instead it was adjusted to give the correct air/fuel ratio according to ambient conditions only. These systems was found to be lacking, so were discontinued.
−
 
+
−
The other system uses a vacuum operated PP like the primary PP, but it differs by using only one metering rod and one fixed jet to feed both sides of the primaries. These were abandoned soon after they were released; it was found the primary PP system could be tailored to meet the requirements without the added complexity of the auxiliary system.  
+
 
{|
 
{|
 
|[[File:Aneroid.jpg|thumb|center|350px|Red arrow points to aneroid adjustment screw through hole in airhorn. Hole is plugged with a cup plug.]]
 
|[[File:Aneroid.jpg|thumb|center|350px|Red arrow points to aneroid adjustment screw through hole in airhorn. Hole is plugged with a cup plug.]]
Line 394: Line 516:
 
|}
 
|}
 
[[File:ANEROID OR FILLER SPOOL DETAILS.jpg|thumb|left|600px|Early APT, ca. 1975]] <br style="clear:both"/>
 
[[File:ANEROID OR FILLER SPOOL DETAILS.jpg|thumb|left|600px|Early APT, ca. 1975]] <br style="clear:both"/>
 +
 +
The other system uses a vacuum operated PP like the primary PP, but it differs by using only one metering rod and one fixed jet to feed both sides of the primaries. These were abandoned soon after they were released; it was found the primary PP system could be tailored to meet the requirements without the added complexity of the auxiliary system.
 +
[[File:Qjet aux PP 75-76.jpg|thumb|400px|left|1975-'76 auxillary power piston equipped Q-jet. This one is from a Pontiac]]<br style="clear:both"/>
  
 
===Secondary tuning===
 
===Secondary tuning===
Line 405: Line 530:
 
The AV shouldn't open when you jazz the throttle in PARK/neutral. Only when under a load, and at sufficient RPM do you want the AV to open. Also, there shouldn't be a noticeable transition into the secondaries. Many guys think the carb should "bang" into the secondaries, but what's happening is a bog when the secondaries open, followed by the engine 'catching up' to the carb- this gives the impression of acceleration. A timing slip will show otherwise.
 
The AV shouldn't open when you jazz the throttle in PARK/neutral. Only when under a load, and at sufficient RPM do you want the AV to open. Also, there shouldn't be a noticeable transition into the secondaries. Many guys think the carb should "bang" into the secondaries, but what's happening is a bog when the secondaries open, followed by the engine 'catching up' to the carb- this gives the impression of acceleration. A timing slip will show otherwise.
  
−
You can get a 'feel' for how it's adjusted by pushing the AV open (engine OFF) w/a finger. It should shut w/o hesitation when you let off pressure. After you've been working w/the Q-jet for a while, you will get a feel for how the AV is adjusted just by doing this.
+
You can get a 'feel' for how it's adjusted by pushing the AV open (engine OFF) with a finger. It should shut without hesitation when you let off pressure. After you've been working with the Q-jet for a while, you will get a feel for how the AV is adjusted just by doing this.
  
 
There is an adjustment for the AV spring. Should you want to try different adjustments on the air valve, use a 3/32" allen wrench to loosen the lock screw under the AV spring adjustment. 3/4 of a turn from first contact of the spring is the base setting, changing the setting 1/8 to 1/4 turn at a time will get it dialed in.
 
There is an adjustment for the AV spring. Should you want to try different adjustments on the air valve, use a 3/32" allen wrench to loosen the lock screw under the AV spring adjustment. 3/4 of a turn from first contact of the spring is the base setting, changing the setting 1/8 to 1/4 turn at a time will get it dialed in.
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The next thing is to check to see that you're getting full opening of the secondary air valve. Some carbs had the amount of the air valve opening set to a lot less than it's capable of. The fix is easy, just look where the red arrow (left) is pointing, that's the stop. It can be carefully bent to set the opening amount.
 
The next thing is to check to see that you're getting full opening of the secondary air valve. Some carbs had the amount of the air valve opening set to a lot less than it's capable of. The fix is easy, just look where the red arrow (left) is pointing, that's the stop. It can be carefully bent to set the opening amount.
  
−
I will use a Dremel to slot the linkage to make bending it easier- I prefer that over grinding the stop in case it needs further adjustment to lessen the opening amount, because the idea is to increase the opening until you either reach the max it will open or to where it doesn't help performance any more- in which case you'd decrease the opening back to where it was best. The linkage can be bent several times w/o breaking as long as the cut isn't made so there's not enough metal, and it's not bent too many times.  
+
I will use a Dremel to slot the linkage to make bending it easier- I prefer that over grinding the stop in case it needs further adjustment to lessen the opening amount, because the idea is to increase the opening until you either reach the max it will open or to where it doesn't help performance any more- in which case you'd decrease the opening back to where it was best. The linkage can be bent several times without breaking as long as the cut isn't made so there's not enough metal, and it's not bent too many times.  
 
<br style="clear:both"/>
 
<br style="clear:both"/>
  
Line 440: Line 565:
 
Also, everywhere the casting is ground on or polished removes the protective finish from the zinc of the carb body, and that can lead to the dreaded attack of the "white stuff" that's mentioned anytime old carbs are talked about.
 
Also, everywhere the casting is ground on or polished removes the protective finish from the zinc of the carb body, and that can lead to the dreaded attack of the "white stuff" that's mentioned anytime old carbs are talked about.
  
−
===Changes to calibrations===
+
==Carb gaskets==
−
As far as jetting and calibrations, they have to be optimized for the engine anyway- and without knowing whether the carb was spot-on, lean or rich to begin with- and what the smoothing, etc. to the castings did to the flow and air/fuel ratio, there's no way anyone can say you will need to add or remove fuel, nor what circuits may be affected, or even if one circuit may want more fuel while another circuit wants less. So instead of worrying about any changes caused by the work you're contemplating doing, plan on taking care of all of it when the carb is set up for the engine and vehicle.
+
[[File:Early qjetintake1.jpg|thumb|right|350px|Arrows indicate heat passage holes which can be blocked if desired]]On early (about 1969-back) Chevy BBC and SBC Q-jet intakes, the manifold was equipped with an exposed heat crossover below the primary side of the carb. This intake manifold requires a specific gasket and heat shield (below left) be used to prevent vacuum leaks and to resist the heat.
 +
 
 +
[[File:Carb gasketsearly q-jet.gif|thumb|350px|left|Metal heat shield goes against carb; fiber insulator goes against intake]]
  
−
Lastly, there's a lot more to be had in setting up the APT, idle/transition and main circuits, and the secondary tip-in than there is in dickering with the castings.
+
The heat crossover can be blocked either at the intake gasket, or by blocking off the ports that feed heat to the "U"-shaped channel in the intake with 1/4" pipe plugs. This mod will prevent the base plate from possibly warping and should help provide a denser air/fuel mixture due to the cooler temperature. Be aware that this can mean longer warm up times, and may require some changes to the calibrations. <br style="clear:both"/>
  
 
==Quadrajet tuning and repair parts==
 
==Quadrajet tuning and repair parts==
Line 451: Line 578:
 
*[http://www.carbkitsource.com/ The Carburetor Doctor]   
 
*[http://www.carbkitsource.com/ The Carburetor Doctor]   
 
*[http://www.edelbrock.com/ Edelbrock]
 
*[http://www.edelbrock.com/ Edelbrock]
 +
:Return to [[How to rebuild a Rochester Quadrajet 4MV carburetor#Individual parts|'''''Individual parts''''']], above.
  
 
==Recommended Resources==
 
==Recommended Resources==
 +
*[http://www.florida4x4.com/tech/quadrajet/index.php Many good links] to various tuning and rebuilding info across the internet
 +
 
===A. Wiki articles and Hotrodders Knowledge Base links===
 
===A. Wiki articles and Hotrodders Knowledge Base links===
 
----
 
----
Line 475: Line 605:
 
:Discusses sudden flooding and float issues.
 
:Discusses sudden flooding and float issues.
  
−
;[http://www.hotrodders.com/forum/q-jet-power-piston-springs-160724.html '''''Q-Jet Power Piston Springs''''']
+
;[http://www.hotrodders.com/forum/q-jet-power-piston-springs-160724.html '''''Q-jet Power Piston Springs''''']
 
:Thread offers information on power piston springs in relation to tuning a Rochester Quadrajet. Information provided on spring ratings, manufacturers and part numbers*.
 
:Thread offers information on power piston springs in relation to tuning a Rochester Quadrajet. Information provided on spring ratings, manufacturers and part numbers*.
  
−
;[http://www.hotrodders.com/forum/4mv-quadrajet-4bbl-choke-linkage-missing-need-diagram-showing-how-188110.html '''''4MV Quadrajet :4bbl choke linkage missing need diagram showing how to mount on carb''''']
+
;[http://www.hotrodders.com/forum/4mv-quadrajet-4bbl-choke-linkage-missing-need-diagram-showing-how-188110.html '''''4MV Quadrajet: 4bbl choke linkage missing need diagram showing how to mount on carb''''']
  
−
;[http://www.hotrodders.com/forum/rockester-quadrajet-tuning-tips-200058.html?highlight=quadrajet+4mv '''''Rockester QuadraJet Tuning Tips''''']
+
;[http://www.hotrodders.com/forum/rockester-quadrajet-tuning-tips-200058.html?highlight=quadrajet+4mv '''''Rochester Quadrajet Tuning Tips''''']
 
:Covers adjusting carburetor and timing settings for optimal performance.
 
:Covers adjusting carburetor and timing settings for optimal performance.
  
Line 504: Line 634:
  
 
;[http://home.earthlink.net/~quadrajets/quadrajet_airflow_ratings.htm '''''Quadrajet Air Flow Ratings'''''] by GRZ
 
;[http://home.earthlink.net/~quadrajets/quadrajet_airflow_ratings.htm '''''Quadrajet Air Flow Ratings'''''] by GRZ
−
:Discusses the Quadrajet's air flow ratings from factory, and tips on modifying or replacing the air valve shaft, the secondary metering rods and hangar, and the cam follower for maximum air flow.
+
:Discusses the Quadrajet's air flow ratings from the factory, and tips on modifying or replacing the air valve shaft, the secondary metering rods and hangar, and the cam follower for maximum air flow.
 +
 
 +
;[http://www.arkansaspontiacs.org/techstories/RockyQ-jets.htm '''''How Well Do You Know Your Rochester Quadrajet'''''] by Rocky Rotella
 +
:Explains fuel metering in Quadrajets. Covers the relationship between jets and metering rods.
  
 
;Video series by [http://www.youtube.com/user/alpheus1975 alpheus1975] on [http://www.youtube.com YouTube]  
 
;Video series by [http://www.youtube.com/user/alpheus1975 alpheus1975] on [http://www.youtube.com YouTube]  
 
:Gives a detailed, step-by-step demonstration of disassembling and rebuild a Quadrajet carburetor. Although the carburetor he uses is a marine application, the procedure is the same.
 
:Gives a detailed, step-by-step demonstration of disassembling and rebuild a Quadrajet carburetor. Although the carburetor he uses is a marine application, the procedure is the same.
−
 
+
 
 
===Online sources for identification and decoding===   
 
===Online sources for identification and decoding===   
 
:''[http://www.cliffshighperformance.com/tech_carb_ID_2.html Carburetor Designation/Identification]'' - Covers casting designations and identification numbers. From Cliff Ruggles' [http://www.cliffshighperformance.com/index.html Cliff's High Performance].   
 
:''[http://www.cliffshighperformance.com/tech_carb_ID_2.html Carburetor Designation/Identification]'' - Covers casting designations and identification numbers. From Cliff Ruggles' [http://www.cliffshighperformance.com/index.html Cliff's High Performance].   
Line 514: Line 647:
 
:''[http://www.recarbco.com/technical/rochester/qjet.html Recarbo Fuel Systems]'' - ''"This guide is just that: a guide. It is not set in stone, because it is a documented fact that Rochester didn't follow these rules 100%."''   
 
:''[http://www.recarbco.com/technical/rochester/qjet.html Recarbo Fuel Systems]'' - ''"This guide is just that: a guide. It is not set in stone, because it is a documented fact that Rochester didn't follow these rules 100%."''   
  
−
:''[http://www.carbkitsource.com/carbs/numbers/Rochester/Quadrajet/index.html Rochester Quadrajet Carburetor Numerical Index]'' - From [http://www.carbkitsource.com/ "The Carburetor Doctor"].  
+
:''[http://www.carbkitsource.com/carbs/numbers/Rochester/Quadrajet/index.html Rochester Quadrajet Carburetor Numerical Index]'' - From [http://www.carbkitsource.com/ "The Carburetor Doctor"].
  
 
==References==
 
==References==
Line 528: Line 661:
 
[[File:Q-JET FILTER HOUSING GASKETS.jpg|thumb|300px|left|The two most used carb filter housing gaskets. Earliest was 7/8" (and are rare), later were all 1", early had gasket over the threads, late style had white gasket on end of housing before threads]]
 
[[File:Q-JET FILTER HOUSING GASKETS.jpg|thumb|300px|left|The two most used carb filter housing gaskets. Earliest was 7/8" (and are rare), later were all 1", early had gasket over the threads, late style had white gasket on end of housing before threads]]
 
[[File:REBUILT CARB TELL-TAIL PIN TO BLOCK INCORRECT AIR CLEANER STUD INSTALLATION.jpg|thumb|300px|left|Dead give-away of a rebuilt carb: Arrow points to tell-tail pin installed by rebuilders to keep the air cleaner stud from being inserted into the wrong hole]]
 
[[File:REBUILT CARB TELL-TAIL PIN TO BLOCK INCORRECT AIR CLEANER STUD INSTALLATION.jpg|thumb|300px|left|Dead give-away of a rebuilt carb: Arrow points to tell-tail pin installed by rebuilders to keep the air cleaner stud from being inserted into the wrong hole]]
−
[[File:TYPICAL MANUAL TRANS Q-JET THROTTLE ARM.jpg|thumb|300px|left|Manual or TH400 trans throttle arm that's missing the portion below the throttle shaft centerline where the detent/TV cable would be attached]]
 
 
[[File:Secondary rods 002.jpg|thumb|300px|left|Selection of secondary metering rods: Lean left, rich middle, medium right]]
 
[[File:Secondary rods 002.jpg|thumb|300px|left|Selection of secondary metering rods: Lean left, rich middle, medium right]]
 
[[File:CHOKE BIMETAL COILS 2.jpg|thumb|300px|left|Several types of hot air choke thermostats]]
 
[[File:CHOKE BIMETAL COILS 2.jpg|thumb|300px|left|Several types of hot air choke thermostats]]
Line 536: Line 668:
 
[[Category:Engine]]
 
[[Category:Engine]]
 
[[Category:Carburetors]]
 
[[Category:Carburetors]]
−
[[Category:Good articles]]
 
−
[[Category:GM]]
 

Latest revision as of 19:40, 10 September 2023

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