Editing Rearend identification
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==Introduction== | ==Introduction== | ||
There are several ways to tell what the type/size/application of a rearend. Besides visually checking and comparing rearends to one another, there are casting numbers, build codes and dates displayed or cast/stamped in various locations on the rearend and elsewhere. These all can be used to help ID a rearend. | There are several ways to tell what the type/size/application of a rearend. Besides visually checking and comparing rearends to one another, there are casting numbers, build codes and dates displayed or cast/stamped in various locations on the rearend and elsewhere. These all can be used to help ID a rearend. | ||
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==Casting numbers== | ==Casting numbers== | ||
Many if not all rear end housings will have some sort of casting number or ID cues to identify it. If the RPO decal is present (newer vehicles) or the broadcast or "build" sheet is available, it can show what was originally in the vehicle. Sometimes body/fender/cowl tags contain coded info that may list specifics on the rearend. | Many if not all rear end housings will have some sort of casting number or ID cues to identify it. If the RPO decal is present (newer vehicles) or the broadcast or "build" sheet is available, it can show what was originally in the vehicle. Sometimes body/fender/cowl tags contain coded info that may list specifics on the rearend. | ||
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==Axle codes== | ==Axle codes== | ||
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*[http://www.thecamaro.com/Decoding/Chevy-Axle-Rear-End-Decoding/ Chevrolet Rear Axle Code Identification and Decoding] from thecamaro.com | *[http://www.thecamaro.com/Decoding/Chevy-Axle-Rear-End-Decoding/ Chevrolet Rear Axle Code Identification and Decoding] from thecamaro.com | ||
*[http://www.thecamaro.com/Decoding/Chevy-Axle-Rear-End-Decoding/Chevy-Full-Size-Rear-Axle-Codes.php Chevrolet Full Size and Impala Rear End/Axle Assembly Codes] from from thecamaro.com | *[http://www.thecamaro.com/Decoding/Chevy-Axle-Rear-End-Decoding/Chevy-Full-Size-Rear-Axle-Codes.php Chevrolet Full Size and Impala Rear End/Axle Assembly Codes] from from thecamaro.com | ||
+ | *[http://aplsweb.com/Topics/Differential.htm Various tid-bits, et cetera] from aplsweb.com | ||
*[http://tech.oldsgmail.com/axle_useage.php GM A-body codes] from tech.oldsgmail.com | *[http://tech.oldsgmail.com/axle_useage.php GM A-body codes] from tech.oldsgmail.com | ||
*[http://www.gnttype.org/numbers/axcodes.html Gear ratio info] from gnttype.org | *[http://www.gnttype.org/numbers/axcodes.html Gear ratio info] from gnttype.org | ||
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===Columbia 2-speed rear end=== | ===Columbia 2-speed rear end=== | ||
− | More of an overdrive unit than an actual rear end. Included in the Ford section since it was offered as an option on ' | + | More of an overdrive unit than an actual rear end. Included in the Ford section since it was offered as an option on '30's to '40's Fords. |
==General Motors== | ==General Motors== | ||
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===10 bolt=== | ===10 bolt=== | ||
− | ==== | + | ====8.2" applications==== |
− | + | The 8.2" rearend was used through 1970 in the B-body (Impala) and F-body (Camaro) cars. The 8.2" was used through 1971 in the X-body (Nova) and through 1972 in the A-body (Chevelle). | |
− | + | <table bgcolor="#F9F9F9" table border="1" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0"><tr> | |
− | + | <td> Bel Air: 1964 - 1972 | |
− | + | </td><td> Biscayne: 1964 - 1972 | |
− | + | </td> | |
− | + | </tr><tr> | |
− | + | <td> Camaro: 1967 - 1970 | |
− | + | </td><td> Caprice: 1965 - 1971 | |
− | + | </td> | |
− | + | </tr><tr> | |
− | + | <td> Chevelle/ Malibu: 1964 - 1972 | |
− | + | </td><td> Chevy II: 1964 - 1968 | |
− | + | </td> | |
− | + | </tr><tr> | |
− | + | <td> El Camino: 1964 - 1972 | |
− | + | </td><td> Impala: 1964 - 1972 | |
− | + | </td> | |
− | + | </tr><tr> | |
− | + | <td> Monte Carlo: 1970 - 1972 | |
− | + | </td><td> Nomad: 1968 - 1972 | |
− | + | </td> | |
+ | </tr><tr> | ||
+ | <td> Nova: 1964 - 1972 | ||
+ | </td><td> Skylark: 1964 - 1969 | ||
+ | </td> | ||
+ | </tr><tr> | ||
+ | <td> Tempest: 1964 - 1970 | ||
+ | </td><td> Trans Am: 1969 - 1972 | ||
+ | </td> | ||
+ | </tr><tr> | ||
+ | <td> Ventura: 1971 - 1971 | ||
+ | </td><td> Wildcat: 1964 - 1972 | ||
+ | </td> | ||
+ | </tr> </table><br> | ||
− | ====8.5 | + | ====8.5" applications==== |
− | Sometimes referred to as the "corporate 10-bolt", the GM 8.5" 10-bolt rearend began production in 1971 to replace the 8.2" and 12-bolt rearends. There was simultaneous use of the 8.2" and 8.5" rearends during the changeover period, like in the Nova. Has a 10 bolt cover as well as 10 bolts securing the ring gear | + | Sometimes referred to as the "corporate 10-bolt", the GM 8.5" 10-bolt rearend began production in 1971 to replace the 8.2" and 12-bolt rearends. There was simultaneous use of the 8.2" and 8.5" rearends during the changeover period, like in the Nova. Has a 10 bolt cover as well as 10 bolts securing the ring gear. |
− | The 8.5" 10-bolt GM rearend has a 30 spline pinion, uses C-clips, and could have 28 or 30 spline axles depending on the year | + | The 8.5" 10-bolt GM rearend has a 30 spline pinion, uses C-clips, and could have 28 or 30 spline axles depending on the year. It uses a 1-1/4" pinion nut. |
<table bgcolor="#F9F9F9" table border="1" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0"><tr> <td> Apollo: 1973 - 1975 | <table bgcolor="#F9F9F9" table border="1" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0"><tr> <td> Apollo: 1973 - 1975 | ||
</td><td> Bel Air: 1970 - 1975 | </td><td> Bel Air: 1970 - 1975 | ||
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</tr><tr> | </tr><tr> | ||
<td> C10 1/2 Ton (2WD): 1979 - 1987 | <td> C10 1/2 Ton (2WD): 1979 - 1987 | ||
− | </td><td> C15/ C1500 1/2 Ton (2WD): 1979 - | + | </td><td> C15/ C1500 1/2 Ton (2WD): 1979 - 1990 |
</td> | </td> | ||
</tr><tr> | </tr><tr> | ||
− | <td> C1500 1/2 Ton (2WD): 1988 - | + | <td> C1500 1/2 Ton (2WD): 1988 - 1990 |
</td><td> Camaro: 1970 - 1981 | </td><td> Camaro: 1970 - 1981 | ||
</td> | </td> | ||
</tr><tr> | </tr><tr> | ||
− | <td> Caprice: 1970 - 1996 | + | <td> Caprice: 1970 - 1996 |
</td><td> Catalina: 1970 - 1981 | </td><td> Catalina: 1970 - 1981 | ||
</td> | </td> | ||
</tr><tr> | </tr><tr> | ||
<td> Chevelle/Malibu: 1973 - 1973 | <td> Chevelle/Malibu: 1973 - 1973 | ||
− | </td><td> | + | </td><td> Cutlas: 1970 - 1977 |
</td> | </td> | ||
</tr><tr> | </tr><tr> | ||
− | <td> | + | <td> Cutlas: 1985 - 1987 |
</td><td> El Camino: 1971 - 1976 | </td><td> El Camino: 1971 - 1976 | ||
</td> | </td> | ||
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</td> | </td> | ||
</tr><tr> | </tr><tr> | ||
− | <td> Impala | + | <td> Impala: 1971 - 1988 |
− | </td><td> K10/ K1500 1/2 Ton (4WD): 1979 - | + | </td><td> K10/ K1500 1/2 Ton (4WD): 1979 - 1988 |
</td> | </td> | ||
</tr><tr> | </tr><tr> | ||
− | <td> K15/ K1500 1/2 Ton (4WD): 1979 - | + | <td> K15/ K1500 1/2 Ton (4WD): 1979 - 1988 |
− | </td><td> K5 Blazer (4WD): 1979 - 1991 | + | </td><td> K5 Blazer (4WD): 1979 - 1991 |
</td> | </td> | ||
</tr><tr> | </tr><tr> | ||
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</td><td> Skylark: 1970 - 1972 | </td><td> Skylark: 1970 - 1972 | ||
</td> | </td> | ||
− | + | </tr><tr> | |
<td> Skylark: 1975 - 1979 | <td> Skylark: 1975 - 1979 | ||
− | </td><td> | + | </td><td> Sonoma: 1994 - 1998 |
</td> | </td> | ||
</tr><tr> | </tr><tr> | ||
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</tr> </table><br> | </tr> </table><br> | ||
− | ==== | + | ====10 bolt ID==== |
− | + | If you don't have the codes on hand to identify if a 10 bolt rear end is an 8.5" or not, you can measure the distance between the very bottom bolt for the cover and the next adjacent bolt (either right of left), it will be 3-3/4" for a 8.5" and 3-1/4" for a 7.5".<br> | |
− | + | {{Note1}}Some installation kits for the 8.5" and 7.5" use ring gear bolts with a 5/8" head, so if someone has rebuilt the rearend with one of these kits the bolts will have smaller heads than the original bolts. | |
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− | + | Another [http://www.hotrodders.com/forum/need-id-gm-10-bolt-163067.html#post1571160 tip] is to check the size of the pinion nut. The 8.2" uses a 1-1/8 inch socket on the nut and the 7.5" and 8.5" use a 1-1/4 inch socket. That is as long as they have a OEM type nut on them. | |
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− | + | There are usually two distinctive lugs cast into the bottom of the 10 bolt rear end housing. These lugs are arrowed in the image above. | |
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− | + | The ring gear of the corporate 10 bolt is secured by 7/16-20 '''left hand''' thread bolts having a 3/4" hex head on them; there will be ten bolts holding the ring gear to the differential. The ring gear is (as mentioned) 8.5" diameter and the pinion shaft diameter is the same as the 12 bolt at 1.625". The 8.5" pinion has 30 splines. | |
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− | + | The 8.2" diff will have 10 bolts holding the ring gear on the diff, the bolts will have a 9/16" hex head and be right hand threaded. The 8.2" uses ten 3/8-24 right hand thread bolts to hold the ring gear on the diff. The pinion diameter is 1.438", having 25 splines. | |
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− | + | The 7.5" diff will have the ring gear secured with 10 bolts that are 7/16-20 LH thread, like the 8.5" corporate rear end. However, the ring gear diameter is smaller than the 8.5" differential. | |
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====10 bolt carriers==== | ====10 bolt carriers==== | ||
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==8.5" non C-clip rearend== | ==8.5" non C-clip rearend== | ||
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The 1971-'72 Buick GS/Skylark and Olds Cutlass A-body 8.5 10 bolt did not have C-clip axles. | The 1971-'72 Buick GS/Skylark and Olds Cutlass A-body 8.5 10 bolt did not have C-clip axles. | ||
The non C-clip 8.5" 10 bolt, type "C" rearend was used in some 1969-'72 Pontiac GP and 1970-'72 Monte Carlo. | The non C-clip 8.5" 10 bolt, type "C" rearend was used in some 1969-'72 Pontiac GP and 1970-'72 Monte Carlo. | ||
− | There have been non C-clip rearends found in Chevelle wagons | + | There have been non C-clip rearends found in Chevelle wagons through at least 1974. |
==12-bolt cover/10-bolt ring gear== | ==12-bolt cover/10-bolt ring gear== | ||
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==U-joints== | ==U-joints== | ||
− | *1310 series, (aka "small Chevy") has 1.063" diameter caps, 3.219" measured across to lock ring points (1-1/16" x 3-7/32"), uses outside clips. Was OEM for many 1967-74 GM cars. | + | *1310 series, (aka "small Chevy") has 1.063" diameter caps, 3.219" measured across to lock ring points (1-1/16" x 3-7/32"), uses outside clips. Was OEM for many 1967-74 GM cars.<br> |
− | {{Note1}}There's also a 1310 "special" U-joint, which has two 1-1/16" and two 1-1/8" caps. Used OE on some Fords and | + | {{Note1}}There's also a 1310 "special" U-joint, which has two 1-1/16" and two 1-1/8" caps. Used OE on some Fords and used as an adapter U-joint. |
*1330 series pinion yokes use locating tabs to center the U-joint, has 1.063" diameter caps, 3.625" measured across to lock ring points (1-1/16" x 3-5/8"), uses outside clips. Used on heavy-duty/high performance/big engine applications. | *1330 series pinion yokes use locating tabs to center the U-joint, has 1.063" diameter caps, 3.625" measured across to lock ring points (1-1/16" x 3-5/8"), uses outside clips. Used on heavy-duty/high performance/big engine applications. | ||
*GM 3R series is the "inside C-clip", or "inside lock" style. Used ~1975-up. It does not use locating tabs. It has 1.125" diameter caps, 2.5625" measured across caps (1-1/8" x 2-9/16"), aftermarket/replacement U-joints uses inside clips, originals use plastic injection. | *GM 3R series is the "inside C-clip", or "inside lock" style. Used ~1975-up. It does not use locating tabs. It has 1.125" diameter caps, 2.5625" measured across caps (1-1/8" x 2-9/16"), aftermarket/replacement U-joints uses inside clips, originals use plastic injection. | ||
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===15 series rearend=== | ===15 series rearend=== | ||
− | The AMC 15 series rearend has a 7-9/16" ring gear. It was used in 1965 and earlier models with 196 ci or 199 ci inline 6 engines. The small cars (cars other than those listed below as "big car") used the AMC 15 rearend with inline 6 engines, AMC 20 rearend was used with V8 engines. The AMC 20 rearend could be ordered in fleet cars with inline 6 engines | + | The AMC 15 series rearend has a 7-9/16" ring gear. It was used in 1965 and earlier models with 196 ci or 199 ci inline 6 engines. The small cars (cars other than those listed below as "big car") used the AMC 15 rearend with inline 6 engines, AMC 20 rearend was used with V8 engines. The AMC 20 rearend could be ordered in fleet cars with inline 6 engines. |
===20 series rearend=== | ===20 series rearend=== | ||
The big cars (Ambassador, Classic, Rebel, Matador and Marlin) used the AMC 20 rearend with 232 ci inline 6 and bigger engines. | The big cars (Ambassador, Classic, Rebel, Matador and Marlin) used the AMC 20 rearend with 232 ci inline 6 and bigger engines. | ||
− | The series 20 was used in Jeeps as well as AMC passenger cars. A Jeep 20 series rearend would have a 5 on 5" | + | The series 20 was used in Jeeps as well as AMC passenger cars. A Jeep 20 series rearend would have a 5 on 5" bolt pattern. Passenger cars used the 5 on 4-1/2" wheel bolt pattern. |
[[File:Amc 20 series rearend.jpg|thumb|450px|left|20 series under a 1966 Rouge]] <br style="clear:both"/> | [[File:Amc 20 series rearend.jpg|thumb|450px|left|20 series under a 1966 Rouge]] <br style="clear:both"/> | ||
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<tr height="13"> | <tr height="13"> | ||
<td>GH4</td> | <td>GH4</td> | ||
− | <td colspan="3" height="13"> Axle Rear | + | <td colspan="3" height="13"> Axle Rear</td> |
<td> | <td> | ||
<div align="center"> | <div align="center"> | ||
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<tr><td align="center">2.56:1</td><td align="center">41/16</td></tr> | <tr><td align="center">2.56:1</td><td align="center">41/16</td></tr> | ||
<tr bgcolor="#F1F1F1"><td align="center">2.73:1</td><td align="center">41/15</td></tr> | <tr bgcolor="#F1F1F1"><td align="center">2.73:1</td><td align="center">41/15</td></tr> | ||
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<tr><td align="center">3.07:1</td><td align="center">43/14</td></tr> | <tr><td align="center">3.07:1</td><td align="center">43/14</td></tr> | ||
<tr bgcolor="#F1F1F1"><td align="center">3.08:1</td><td align="center">40/13</td></tr> | <tr bgcolor="#F1F1F1"><td align="center">3.08:1</td><td align="center">40/13</td></tr> |